Learn about... SEMARNAT and BIENESTAR
- Current Events
- Feb 17, 2019
- 5 min read
BIENESTAR
Main Functions
· Give people economic opportunities
· Boost people’s economy
· Focus on minorities
Estimated Income of the Government 2019 5.8 trillion pesos Estimated Exit of BIENESTAR 156 million pesos
History
It was first created in 1958 under the name of Secretaría de Obras Públicas during President López Mateos Mandate. Then, in 1976 President López Portillo named it Secretaría de Asentamientos Humanos y Obras Públicas. In 1982, Miguel de la Madrid changed it to Secretaría de Desarrollo Urbano y Ecología. It was until 1994 that President Zedillo changed the name to Secretaría de Desarrollo Social. It remained the same until last year, when AMLO announced he would change it to Secretaría de Bienestar.
The main function of the secretariat has always been to grant economic opportunities to Mexican citizens. It started with subsidies and has also tried to make Mexicans interested on working to become better.
Decentralized Organs
· Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social. Evaluates National Social Development with objective information, like statistics.
· Instituto Nacional de la Economía Social. Executes social sector of economy. It arms society for it to be productive economically.
· Fondo Nacional para el Fomento de las Artesanías. Promotes development and commerce of Mexican Artisanal Activity.
· Liconsa, abasto social de leche. Bring one of the most important product for correct development to alienated communities with a more accessible price and good quality.
· Instituto Mexicano de la Juventud. Gives youth necessary tools for education, health, work, and social participation.
Sub secretariats
Ariadna Montiel Sub secretary of BIENESTAR
Javier May Sub secretary of Inclusión Productiva y Desarrollo Rural Territorial
Who is BIENESTAR's secretariat?
She was born in Chiapas, in 1976. She has Indigenous Origins, which makes her perfect for her position. Her paternal grandmother was Tzeltal.
Albores studied Agronomy Engineering at Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo. Then, she specialized in Coffee Industry at Centro de Estudios para Desarrollo Rural. Albores has a master’s degree in Economía Social y Solidaria y Emprendedurismo at IBERO Puebla, Universidad de Mondragón España, and Escuela Andaluza de Economía Social.
Before politics, she was a very active member of TOSEPAN organization in Puebla. She became a member of TOSEPAN in 2001, when she was part of the Tosepan Titataniske organic production. This program meant “United we will Overcome” (Unidos Venceremos) in Nahuatl. Its objective was to obtain basic basket products raw materials to produce them in a cheaper way with organic methods. Tosepan Titataniske would give jobs to lots of Indigenous people.
Albores was also a promoter of meliponiculture, which is a more human way of farming stingless bees.
She also was a member of the Yeknemellis Program (Quality Life). This same Program had the Education for Everyone program, which is part of SEP and is for indigenous students; and the Tamakepalis 2017 program, which helped all indigenous communities that were affected by the earthquake to regenerate.
Political Background
In 2012, she was part of the Cabinet of AMLO in the Presidential Elections. She was the Secretariat of Agrarian Reform.
From 2012 to 2015, Albores was the Executive State President of MORENA’s committee in Puebla.
Criticism
Journalists and newspapers do not talk a lot about her reputation. Even though she doesn’t have a large political background, she seems to handle her position pretty good. She has already started with her goals and 2019 Agenda. In addition, her indigenous background gives her a great reputation in her position.
2019 Agenda
· Jóvenes Contruyendo el Futuro. Collab with SEP to give scholarships to poor people in all education levels.
· Tandas para el Bienestar de la Gente. Subsidies given to informal businesses.
· Pensiones para Adultos Mayores. Economic help.
· Guarderías para Madres Trabajadores. No intermediaries anymore. Single mothers can choose a kindergarten they like that are listed and have their children taken care of in a institution they like with quality education.
Three most important programs
· Sembrando vida. Save Mexican fields, regenerate farmer communities, reactivate field economy.
· Pensiones para Adultos Mayores Economic help, personal improvement meetings, health conferences.
· Pensiones para Personas Discapacitadas. Economic help, integral health centers, society integration, active participation.
SEMARNAT
Main Functions
· Control pollution and fight Climate Change
· Sustainable use of Natural Resources
· Create Biosphere Reserves, Biodiversity preservation
· Sustainable management of Water Resources
History
In 1972 during Luis Echeverria’s mandate, the Subsecretaría para el Mejoramiento del Ambiente was created as part of the former Secretaría de Salubridad y Asistencia.
In 1976 López Portillo, Mexico’s former President, distributed the Subsecretaría para el Mejoramiento del Ambiente functions between the Secretaría de Salubridad y Asistencia, Secretaría de Agricultura y Recursos Hídricos, Secretaría de Reforma Agraria and the Fishing Department.
In 1992, the Secretaría de Desarrollo Urbano y Ecología was separated of the Environmental issues and two years later was named Secretaría de Desarrollo Social. In 1994, the Secretaría de Medio Ambiente, Recursos Naturales, and Fishing was created.
It was until the year 2000 that it became Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales. The fishing department was moved to a new Secretary, SAGARPA (nowadays, SADER).
Decentralized Organs
· Comisión Nacional del Agua. Preserve national Waters and its sustainability.
· Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y uso de la Biodiversidad. Promote, direct, and create biological activities to spread knowledge.
· Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático. Increase human capital that protects and preserves the environment.
· Procuraduría Federal de Protección al Ambiente. Fight for Environmental Justice.
· Comisión Nacional Forestal. Promote and develop activities that encourage Forest Protection.
Sub secretariats
Sergio Sánchez, sub secretariat of Gestión para la Protección Ambiental
Katya Puga, sub secretariat of Planeación y Política Ambiental
Carlos Hurtado, sub secretariat of Fomento y Normatividad Ambiental
Who SEMARNAT's secretariat?
Born on 9 March 1965, in Distrito Federal
Josefa studied Law at Anáhuac and made a master’s degree on Transitive Arts in John F. Kennedy.
Before politics, she participated in local and international programs in an Ecologic and Cultural Organization in England.
Josefa made the “Vida Silvestre de *Aluxes” program in Palenque to rescue Endemic Flora and Fauna. She also had the most successful program for the reintroduction of the Scarlet Macaw in Palenque, among other animal species.
She was a professor of Compared Judicial Systems and the Administrative Secretariat of Law Postgraduates in UNAM.
Josefa was the President of Oxford Arts.
Co-founder of Festinho, a fund raiser music festival in Brazil that used the funds to give resources to children in the streets of Brazil.
Part of the BIG ISSUE program in London, where she taught Expressive Arts to homeless people.
Photographer as a hobby. Josefa filmed a documentary of Maras Salvatruchas in El Salvador.
Political Background
Became part of AMLO’s Cabinet in 2017. She is from MORENA.
She is currently one of the eight women in AMLO’s Cabinet.
Criticism
Josefa does not have an experienced political background but does have other experiences. A few days ago, she was accused of being involved in two corrupt acts that two relatives committed. She denied this and answered back saying they were only relatives, nothing else. She had nothing to do about it.
2019 Agenda
· Visión Nacional; Cero Residuos. Waste management to create circular economy with a sustainable use of natural resources.
· Educación Ambiental. Awareness of balance between ecologic proposals and political, economic, and social factors; spreading of environmental values and knowledge to create a social change.
· Sustentabilidad Pesquera en el Alto Golfo de California. Protect biodiversity, improve coastal life quality, and create a balanced improvement.
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